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Kaposi sarcoma in South African children.
- Source :
-
Pediatric blood & cancer [Pediatr Blood Cancer] 2011 Mar; Vol. 56 (3), pp. 392-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Nov 28. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Background: The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in sub-Saharan Africa, increased tens of times since the onset of the AIDS epidemic. There is, however, very little literature concerning the clinical features of this disease, its management and outcome in HIV-positive children in Africa. This study describes retrospectively the clinical presentation of the malignancy, its management and outcome, in a series of HIV-positive children.<br />Patients and Methods: Seventy children with KS and HIV infection were admitted consecutively from January 1998 to December 2009 in South African hospitals. Clinical data were extracted from tumor registries and patient records and analyzed.<br />Results: The average age in this series was 73 months. The males/females ratio was 1.59:1. Skin lesions were present in 36 out of 63 cases (57.14%), followed by lymph node lesions (28 cases, 44.44%). The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count was 440 (SD = 385). The average CD4+ percentage was 12.20% (SD = 9.13). Only 14 patients (20%) were taking combined antiretrovirals at the time of diagnosis; a further 35 were given HIV treatment after diagnosis. Thirty-two patients (45.71%) survived only 4 months on average; 10 were lost to follow-up; and 28 (40%) were alive, with an average follow-up of 16 months. Antiretrovirals improved survival (P = 0.001).<br />Conclusions: The often present skin lesions facilitated the diagnosis; lymphadenopathy was less frequently seen than skin lesions. Antiretroviral drugs were associated with higher survival rate. The mortality remains high in spite of antiretrovirals and cytostatics.<br /> (Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Anti-Retroviral Agents therapeutic use
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use
Bleomycin administration & dosage
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Child
Cohort Studies
Doxorubicin administration & dosage
Drug Therapy, Combination
Female
HIV Infections diagnosis
HIV Infections drug therapy
HIV Infections virology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Sarcoma, Kaposi mortality
South Africa
Survival Rate
Vinblastine administration & dosage
Vincristine administration & dosage
Viral Load
Young Adult
Sarcoma, Kaposi diagnosis
Sarcoma, Kaposi drug therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1545-5017
- Volume :
- 56
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Pediatric blood & cancer
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21225916
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22903