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The pathology of sponge orange band disease affecting the Caribbean barrel sponge Xestospongia muta.
- Source :
-
FEMS microbiology ecology [FEMS Microbiol Ecol] 2011 Feb; Vol. 75 (2), pp. 218-30. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Nov 30. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine sponge orange band (SOB) disease affecting the prominent Caribbean sponge Xestospongia muta. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that SOB is accompanied by the massive destruction of the pinacoderm. Chlorophyll a content and the main secondary metabolites, tetrahydrofurans, characteristic of X. muta, were significantly lower in bleached than in healthy tissues. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis using cyanobacteria-specific 16S rRNA gene primers revealed a distinct shift from the Synechococcus/Prochlorococcus clade of sponge symbionts towards several clades of unspecific cyanobacteria, including lineages associated with coral disease (i.e. Leptolyngbya sp.). Underwater infection experiments were conducted by transplanting bleached cores into healthy individuals, but revealed no signs of SOB development. This study provided no evidence for the involvement of a specific microbial pathogen as an etiologic agent of disease; hence, the cause of SOB disease in X. muta remains unidentified.<br /> (© 2010 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Bahamas
Chlorophyll analysis
Chlorophyll A
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Cyanobacteria classification
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis
Florida
Furans analysis
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Spectrophotometry
Symbiosis
Xestospongia chemistry
Xestospongia physiology
Xestospongia ultrastructure
Cyanobacteria physiology
Prochlorococcus physiology
Synechococcus physiology
Xestospongia microbiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1574-6941
- Volume :
- 75
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- FEMS microbiology ecology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 21118276
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.01001.x