Influence of the consumption of fruits and vegetables on the nutritional status of a group of institutionalized elderly persons in the Madrid region.

Aim: To determine the nutritional status in a group of institutionalized elderly people in the Madrid region of Spain, with respect to their consumption of fruits and vegetables.
Setting: The Madrid region, Spain.
Participants: Men and women 65 years of age (n=180).
Measurements: A dietetic study undertaken using the precise weighing method (7 consecutive days). Anthropometric and blood analysis data were also recorded. The study subjects were grouped according to whether or not they consumed the WHO/FAO-recommended amount of 400 g/day of fruits and vegetables.
Results: Mean fruit and vegetable consumption was 446.77 ± 168.80 g/day. The subjects who consumed at least 400 g/day of these foods also took in the largest total weight of food, and had the largest macronutrient, fiber, vitamin and mineral intakes. They also had higher serum and erythrocyte folate concentrations and lower plasma homocysteine concentrations than those who consumed less than the recommended 400 g/day of fruits and vegetables.
Conclusions: The subjects who consumed at least 400 g/day of fruits and vegetables generally showed a better nutritional status. It would be advisable that the consumption of such foods be relatively increased, especially by those who currently consume less than 400 g/day.