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Immunogenetics of invasive aspergillosis.
- Source :
-
Medical mycology [Med Mycol] 2011 Apr; Vol. 49 Suppl 1, pp. S125-36. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Sep 15. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Invasive aspergillosis is one of the most important infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, with an incidence rate of 5-15% and an associated mortality of 30-60%. It remains unclear why certain patients develop invasive aspergillosis while others, undergoing identical transplant regimen and similar post transplant immunosuppression, do not. Over the last decade, pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) have emerged as critical components of the innate immune system. By detecting specific molecular patterns from invading microbes and initiating inflammatory and subsequent adaptive immune responses, pattern recognition receptors are strategically located at the molecular interface of hosts and pathogens. Polymorphisms in pattern recognition receptors and downstream signaling molecules have been associated with increased or decreased susceptibility to infections, suggesting that their detection may have an increasing impact on the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases in the coming years. Infectious risk stratification may be particularly relevant for patients with hematologic malignancies, because of the high prevalence and severity of infections in this population. This review summarizes the innate immune mechanisms involved in Aspergillus fumigatus detection and the role of host genetic polymorphisms in susceptibility to invasive aspergillosis.
- Subjects :
- Aspergillus pathogenicity
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation adverse effects
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Immunosuppression Therapy adverse effects
Lectins, C-Type genetics
Lectins, C-Type immunology
Receptors, Pattern Recognition immunology
Risk Factors
Signal Transduction immunology
Toll-Like Receptors genetics
Toll-Like Receptors immunology
Toll-Like Receptors physiology
Aspergillosis genetics
Aspergillosis immunology
Aspergillus immunology
Immunogenetics
Polymorphism, Genetic
Receptors, Pattern Recognition genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1460-2709
- Volume :
- 49 Suppl 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Medical mycology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20840014
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3109/13693786.2010.516408