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Androgenetic alopecia and cardiovascular risk factors in men and women: a comparative study.
- Source :
-
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology [J Am Acad Dermatol] 2010 Sep; Vol. 63 (3), pp. 420-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2010 Jul 08. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Background: Numerous studies in recent decades have associated male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) with the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, only 3 studies have addressed this association in female patients. Most studies considered the risk of myocardial infarction or mortality as a result of heart disease, without analyzing cardiovascular risk factors.<br />Objectives: The objectives of this study were to analyze the presence of cardiovascular risk factors included in the Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria for metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of carotid atheromatosis, hormonal (aldosterone, insulin, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin) factors, and acute phase reactant (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) variables in male and female patients with AGA and in a control group, and to analyze differences among the groups.<br />Methods: This case-control study included 154 participants, 77 with early-onset AGA (40 male and 37 female) and 77 healthy control subjects (40 male and 37 female) from the dermatology department at a university hospital in Granada, Spain.<br />Results: Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 60% of male patients with AGA (odds ratio [OR] = 10.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.3-32.5), 48.6% of female patients with AGA (OR = 10.73, 95% CI 2.7-41.2), 12.5% of male control subjects, and 8.1% of female control subjects (P < .0001). Atheromatous plaques were observed in 32.5% of male patients with AGA (OR = 5.93, 95% CI 1.5-22.9) versus 7.5% of male control subjects (P = .005) and 27% of female patients with AGA (OR = 4.19, 95% CI 1.05-16.7) versus 8.1% of female control subjects (P = .032). Aldosterone and insulin levels were significantly higher in the male and female patients with AGA versus their respective control subjects. Mean values of fibrinogen were significantly higher in male patients with AGA, whereas values of fibrogen, C-reactive protein, and D-dimers were significantly higher in female patients with AGA versus their respective control subjects.<br />Limitations: The study of a wider sample of patients with AGA would confirm these findings and allow a detailed analysis of the above factors as a function of the degree of alopecia or between menopausal and premenopausal women.<br />Conclusion: The determination of metabolic syndrome and ultrasound study of the carotid arteries may be useful screening methods to detect risk of developing cardiovascular disease in male and female patients with early-onset AGA and signal a potential opportunity for early preventive treatment.<br /> (Copyright 2009 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Subjects :
- Adult
Age Distribution
Age of Onset
Alopecia diagnosis
Anthropometry
Blood Sedimentation
C-Reactive Protein analysis
Carotid Stenosis diagnosis
Case-Control Studies
Comorbidity
Confidence Intervals
Female
Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products analysis
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Life Style
Male
Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Distribution
Spain epidemiology
Alopecia epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis
Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology
Carotid Stenosis epidemiology
Metabolic Syndrome epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1097-6787
- Volume :
- 63
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20619491
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2009.10.018