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Infections during induction therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. the role of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP) prophylaxis.
- Source :
-
Pediatric blood & cancer [Pediatr Blood Cancer] 2010 Aug; Vol. 55 (2), pp. 304-8. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Background: Bacteremias are frequent during induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Antibacterial prophylaxis therapy may thus be warranted. The purpose of this study was to analyze the rate of infections during induction therapy in two cohorts of children with ALL where one cohort received prophylactic sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP).<br />Procedure: All infections were registered through a retrospective non-randomized review of medical records of 171 consecutive children newly diagnosed with ALL below 15 years of age at diagnosis. A total of 85 children treated from 1992 to 2000 did not receive SMX-TMP, whereas 86 children treated from 2000 to 2008 received SMX-TMP 20 mg/kg in one daily oral dose during induction therapy.<br />Results: A total of 26% of all children had no febrile episodes during induction. Infections were more frequent in children below 5 years of age. Significantly fewer children receiving SMX-TMP developed fever (17% vs. 34%, P = 0.02) and bacteremia (20% vs. 45%, P = 0.0003). Especially children with non-high risk criteria had fewer infections when receiving prophylaxis. When adjusting for age, type of catheter, and SMX-TMP prophylaxis on the risk of bacteremia by a multiple Cox regression analysis, we found that age and prophylaxis, but not the type of catheter, were associated with a significantly reduced risk of bacteremia.<br />Conclusion: Children with ALL receiving SMX-TMP prophylaxis during induction therapy experienced fewer febrile episodes, fewer days with fever demanding intravenous antibiotic treatment, and fewer episodes of bacteremia. Both SMX-TMP prophylaxis and age played significant independent roles for the occurrence of bacteremia.<br /> ((c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Age Factors
Anti-Infective Agents
Bacteremia chemically induced
Child
Child, Preschool
Drug Evaluation
Female
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Male
Opportunistic Infections drug therapy
Retrospective Studies
Antibiotic Prophylaxis methods
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects
Opportunistic Infections prevention & control
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma complications
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination therapeutic use
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1545-5017
- Volume :
- 55
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Pediatric blood & cancer
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20583218
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.22423