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Determinants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon levels in house dust.
- Source :
-
Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology [J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol] 2011 Mar-Apr; Vol. 21 (2), pp. 123-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2009 Dec 30. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Estimation of human exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is often desired for the epidemiological studies of cancer. One way to obtain information about indoor levels of PAHs is to measure these chemicals in house dust. In this study, we evaluated the predictive value of self-reported and geographic data for estimating measured levels of nine PAHs in house dust from 583 households in the Northern California Childhood Leukemia Study (NCCLS). Using multivariable linear regression models, we evaluated the effects on house-dust PAH concentrations from the following covariates: residential heating sources, smoking habits, house characteristics, and outdoor emission sources. House dust was collected from 2001 to 2007, using both high-volume surface samplers and household vacuum cleaners, and was analyzed for nine PAHs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. All nine PAHs were detected in more than 93% of dust samples, with median concentrations ranging from 14 to 94 ng/g dust. Statistically significant effects on PAH concentrations in house dust were found for gas heating, outdoor PAH concentrations, and residence age. Yet, the optimal regression model only explained 15% of the variation in PAH levels in house dust. As self-reported data and outdoor PAH sources were only marginally predictive of observed PAH levels, we recommend that PAH concentrations be measured directly in dust samples for use in epidemiological studies.
- Subjects :
- Air Pollutants chemistry
California
Environmental Monitoring statistics & numerical data
Epidemiological Monitoring
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Heating
Housing
Humans
Leukemia epidemiology
Leukemia etiology
Linear Models
Smoking epidemiology
Socioeconomic Factors
Time Factors
Air Pollutants analysis
Dust analysis
Environmental Monitoring methods
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons analysis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1559-064X
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20040932
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2009.68