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Recruitment of immune cells across atrial endocardium in human atrial fibrillation.
- Source :
-
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society [Circ J] 2010 Feb; Vol. 74 (2), pp. 262-70. Date of Electronic Publication: 2009 Dec 15. - Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Background: Although clinical studies have suggested a link between inflammation markers and atrial fibrillation (AF), it is still unclear whether local immunologic responses actually exist in human atria during AF.<br />Methods and Results: To address this point, human left appendages were obtained from 16 patients who underwent cardiac surgery (5 with sinus rhythm (SR) and 11 with AF) and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. In all the AF specimens, adhesion and migration of CD45-reactive cells were consistently observed predominantly in the atrial endo- and subendomyocardium and more prominently than in SR. Most of them were immunologically active CD68-positive macrophages, whereas CD3-positive T cells infiltrated to a lesser extent. Scavenger-receptor A staining revealed maturation of macrophages not in the endocardium but in the midmyocardium, a gradient from endo- to midmyocardium. In the endocardium, along with adhesion molecules (intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), a chemotactic protein-1, which facilitates the recruitment, was more abundantly expressed in AF than in SR. Cytokines including transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-6 were frequently expressed by these macrophages.<br />Conclusions: These observations collectively imply active adhesion and recruitment of macrophages across the endocardium in human fibrillating atria, thereby supporting the concept of local immunologic inflammatory responses around the atrial endocardium of AF.
- Subjects :
- Adaptive Immunity
Adult
Aged
Antigens, CD analysis
Atrial Appendage pathology
Atrial Appendage surgery
Atrial Fibrillation pathology
Atrial Fibrillation surgery
Cell Adhesion Molecules analysis
Cytokines analysis
Endocardium pathology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Immunohistochemistry
Macrophages pathology
Male
Middle Aged
Scavenger Receptors, Class A analysis
T-Lymphocytes immunology
Atrial Appendage immunology
Atrial Fibrillation immunology
Cell Adhesion
Cell Movement
Endocardium immunology
Inflammation Mediators analysis
Macrophages immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1347-4820
- Volume :
- 74
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 20009387
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-09-0644