Presentating phases of chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Objective: To determine the frequency of three phases of chronic myeloid leukaemia at first presentation.
Study Design: Case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Oncology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Rawalpindi, from June 2006 to December 2007.
Methodology: Forty-five patients of either gender with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) at their first presentation in outpatient department were included in the study by consecutive sampling technique. All patients were diagnosed on blood complete picture and bone marrow examination including aspiration, trephine and cytogenetics at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). Each phase was defined on the basis of World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
Results: Out of 45, there were 31 (68.9%) male and 14 (31.1%) female patients. The mean age of presentation was 37.9 years. The pattern of presentation revealed 35 (77.8%) in Chronic Phase (CP), 7 (15.5%) in Accelerated Phase (AP) and 3 (6.7%) in Blast Crisis (BC). Philadelphia chromosome was detected in 39 (86.7%) cases on culture method. Splenomegaly was observed in 37 (82.2%) patients. The mean total leukocyte count, platelet count, haemoglobin and marrow blast were 214.3 x 10(9)/L, 551.4 x 10(9)/L, 9.94 g/dl and 9.3% respectively.
Conclusion: CML presented at a younger age in the chronic phase.