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Hepatocyte inflammation model for cytotoxicity research: fructose or glycolaldehyde as a source of endogenous toxins.
- Source :
-
Archives of physiology and biochemistry [Arch Physiol Biochem] 2009 May; Vol. 115 (2), pp. 105-11. - Publication Year :
- 2009
-
Abstract
- Insulin resistance and hepatotoxicity induced in high fructose fed rats may involve fructose derived endogenous toxins formed by inflammation. Thus fructose was seventy-fold more toxic if hepatocytes were exposed to non-toxic levels of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) released by inflammatory cells. This was prevented by iron (Fe) chelators, hydroxyl radical scavengers, and increased by Fe, copper (Cu) or catalase inhibition. Fructose or glyceraldehyde/dihydroxyacetone metabolites were oxidized by Fenton radicals to glyoxal. Glyoxal (15 microM) cytotoxicity was increased about 200-fold by H(2)O(2). Glycolaldehyde was enzymically formed from glyceraldehyde, the fructokinase/aldolase B product of fructose. Glycolaldehyde cytotoxicity was increased 20-fold by H(2)O(2). The oxidative stress cytotoxicity induced was attributed to the Fenton oxidation of glycolaldehyde forming glycolaldehyde radicals and glyoxal, since cytotoxicity was prevented by aminoguanidine (glyoxal trap) or Fenton inhibitors. Glyoxal was also the Fenton product responsible for glycolaldehyde protein carbonylation as carbonylation was prevented by aminoguanidine or Fenton inhibitors.
- Subjects :
- Acetaldehyde toxicity
Animals
Antioxidants metabolism
Antioxidants pharmacology
Antioxidants toxicity
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Glyoxal metabolism
Hydrogen Peroxide metabolism
Hydrogen Peroxide pharmacology
Hydrogen Peroxide toxicity
Male
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative Stress drug effects
Protein Carbonylation drug effects
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Research
Time Factors
Acetaldehyde analogs & derivatives
Fructose metabolism
Hepatocytes metabolism
Inflammation metabolism
Toxins, Biological metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1744-4160
- Volume :
- 115
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Archives of physiology and biochemistry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19485706
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/13813450902887055