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An African perspective on mucosal immunity and HIV-1.
- Source :
-
Mucosal immunology [Mucosal Immunol] 2009 Jul; Vol. 2 (4), pp. 300-14. Date of Electronic Publication: 2009 May 06. - Publication Year :
- 2009
-
Abstract
- HIV prevention mandates an understanding of the mechanisms of mucosal immunity with attention to some unique features of the epidemic and mucosal environment in the developing world. An effective vaccine will have to induce mucosal protection against a highly diverse virus, which is equipped with a number of immune evasion strategies. Its development will require assessment of mucosal immune responses, and it will have to protect a mucosal environment where inflammation and altered immune responses are common because of the presence of other mucosal infections, such as sexually transmitted infections and parasites, and where nutritional status may also be compromised. Ideally, not only prevention methods would protect adults but also provide cover against gastrointestinal transmission through maternal milk. Prevention might also be complemented by microbicides and circumcision, two alternative approaches to mucosal protection. It seems unlikely that a single solution will work in all instances and intervention might have to act at multiple levels and be tailored to local circumstances. We review here some of the mucosal events associated with HIV infection that are most relevant in an African setting.
- Subjects :
- AIDS Vaccines immunology
Africa
Anti-Infective Agents administration & dosage
Circumcision, Male
Female
HIV Infections transmission
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Male
Sexually Transmitted Diseases immunology
Sexually Transmitted Diseases microbiology
Sexually Transmitted Diseases prevention & control
Sexually Transmitted Diseases virology
Vaccination
AIDS Vaccines therapeutic use
Developing Countries
HIV Infections immunology
HIV Infections prevention & control
HIV-1
Immunity, Mucosal
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1935-3456
- Volume :
- 2
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Mucosal immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19421180
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2009.23