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Development of cell-mediated immunity to porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets.
- Source :
-
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology [Vet Immunol Immunopathol] 2009 May 15; Vol. 129 (1-2), pp. 101-7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 Dec 25. - Publication Year :
- 2009
-
Abstract
- The interaction between porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and the pig immune system has been suggested to be a determinant event for the pathogenesis of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). To gain insight into the host immune mechanisms developed upon PCV2 infection, early innate and adaptive immune responses were examined in 1-week-old, caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets using a subclinical infection model of PCV2 in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a potential immunostimulation factor. The use of LPS did not show any significant effect on the course of PCV2 infection, nor did in the evolution of the immunological parameters evaluated. Ex vivo responses were detected as early as 1 day post-infection (PI) and consisted of an elevation of the plasmatic levels of interleukin (IL)-8 in PCV2-inoculated pigs followed by an increase on plasmatic IFN-alpha at day 5 PI. Regarding IL-10, only one PCV2-inoculated pig was positive (day 7 PI); this pig was the only one in which viremia persisted until the end of the study. In vitro cytokine determination showed that, regardless of the treatment administrated to the pigs, an IL-10 release was observed when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultures were stimulated with PCV2. Seroconvertion to PCV2 measured by an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) occurred between 7 and 14 days PI, whereas neutralizing antibodies (NA) did not appear until day 29 PI. PCV2 DNA was first detected in serum at day 7 PI, reaching the peak of viremia between days 14 and 21 PI, followed by a drop in viral load that was found coincident with the appearance of PCV2-specific IFN-gamma-secreting cells (PCV2-IFN-gamma-SC) and NA. Results from the present work suggest that viral clearance might be mediated by the development of PCV2-IFN-gamma-SC in contribution to the PCV2-specific NA.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Animals, Newborn
Circoviridae Infections immunology
Circoviridae Infections virology
Cytokines blood
Cytokines immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay veterinary
Flow Cytometry veterinary
Immunity, Cellular immunology
Immunophenotyping veterinary
Lipopolysaccharides immunology
Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology
Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome prevention & control
Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome virology
Random Allocation
Viral Load veterinary
Circoviridae Infections veterinary
Circovirus immunology
Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome immunology
Swine immunology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0165-2427
- Volume :
- 129
- Issue :
- 1-2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19167096
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.12.024