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Intestinal, adipose, and liver inflammation in diet-induced obese mice.
- Source :
-
Metabolism: clinical and experimental [Metabolism] 2008 Dec; Vol. 57 (12), pp. 1704-10. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- Chronic inflammation and increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are key elements of the metabolic syndrome. Both are considered to play a pathogenic role in the development of liver steatosis and insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that an inflamed intestine, induced both by diet and chemical irritation, could induce persistent inflammation in VAT. Female C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice were used. In study I, groups of mice (n = 6 per group) were given an obesity-inducing cafeteria diet (diet-induced obesity) or regular chow only (control) for 14 weeks. In study II, colitis in mice (n = 8) was induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium in tap water for 5 days followed by 21 days of tap water alone. Healthy control mice (n = 8) had tap water only. At the end of the studies, all mice were killed; and blood and tissues were sampled and processed for analysis. Body weight of diet-induced obese mice was greatly increased, with evidence of systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis. Tissue inflammation indexed by proinflammatory cytokine expression was recorded in liver, mesenteric fat, and proximal colon/distal ileum, but not in subcutaneous or perigonadal fat. In dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice, mesenteric fat was even more inflamed than the colon, whereas a much milder inflammation was seen in liver and subcutaneous fat. The studies showed both diet- and colitis-initiated inflammation in mesenteric fat. Fat depots contiguous with intestine and their capacity for exaggerated inflammatory responses to conditions of impaired gut barrier function may account for the particularly pathogenic role of VAT in obesity-induced metabolic disorders.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Body Weight physiology
Cytokines blood
Cytokines metabolism
Diet, Atherogenic
Female
Gastroenteritis blood
Gastroenteritis pathology
Gastroenteritis veterinary
Hepatitis, Animal blood
Hepatitis, Animal pathology
Intestinal Mucosa metabolism
Intestines pathology
Intra-Abdominal Fat metabolism
Intra-Abdominal Fat pathology
Liver metabolism
Liver pathology
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Obese
Obesity etiology
Obesity pathology
Obesity veterinary
Organ Size
Panniculitis, Peritoneal blood
Panniculitis, Peritoneal pathology
Panniculitis, Peritoneal veterinary
Gastroenteritis complications
Hepatitis, Animal complications
Obesity complications
Panniculitis, Peritoneal complications
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1532-8600
- Volume :
- 57
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Metabolism: clinical and experimental
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 19013294
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2008.07.029