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African genetic diversity: implications for human demographic history, modern human origins, and complex disease mapping.
- Source :
-
Annual review of genomics and human genetics [Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet] 2008; Vol. 9, pp. 403-33. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- Comparative studies of ethnically diverse human populations, particularly in Africa, are important for reconstructing human evolutionary history and for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic adaptation and complex disease. African populations are characterized by greater levels of genetic diversity, extensive population substructure, and less linkage disequilibrium (LD) among loci compared to non-African populations. Africans also possess a number of genetic adaptations that have evolved in response to diverse climates and diets, as well as exposure to infectious disease. This review summarizes patterns and the evolutionary origins of genetic diversity present in African populations, as well as their implications for the mapping of complex traits, including disease susceptibility.
- Subjects :
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome genetics
Africa
Chromosomes, Human, Y genetics
Communicable Diseases genetics
DNA, Mitochondrial genetics
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics
Diet
Evolution, Molecular
Female
Genetics, Population
Haplotypes
Humans
Hypertension genetics
Lactase genetics
Linkage Disequilibrium
Malaria genetics
Male
Obesity genetics
Pharmacogenetics
Recombination, Genetic
Selection, Genetic
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary genetics
Disease genetics
Genetic Variation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1527-8204
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Annual review of genomics and human genetics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 18593304
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genom.9.081307.164258