[The stem-cell reserve of the liver].

This paper considers the problem of epithelial stem cells of the liver and possibilities of its experimental solution. Authors' own data obtained with the model of induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice are discussed; the experiments were performed using electron microscopy, autoradiography and immunochemistry. In accordance with these data, Gering cells are stem cells of the liver, and oval cells correspond to committed precursors capable to differentiation in either hepatocellular or cholangiolar direction under the conditions of periportal microenvironment. We have also compared hepatocyte differentiation in preneoplastic mouse liver and regenerating pancreas of adult rats (Rao et al. Amer. J. Pathol. 1989. V. 134. P. 1069-1086). We also discuss stem cell compartment organization in organs having glandular structure and the possibility of existence in the adult of non-committed multipotent cells capable of producing various types of differentiation in tissues having common origin during embryogenesis.