Is the collaborative chronic care model effective for patients with bipolar disorder and co-occurring conditions?

Background: The effectiveness of bipolar collaborative chronic care models (B-CCMs) among those with co-occurring substance use, psychiatric, and/or medical conditions has not specifically been assessed. We assessed whether B-CCM effects are equivalent comparing those with and without co-occurring conditions.
Methods: We reanalyzed data from the VA Cooperative Study #430 (n=290), an 11-site randomized controlled trial of the B-CCM compared to usual care. Moderators included common co-occurring conditions observed in patients with bipolar disorder, including substance use disorders (SUD), anxiety, psychosis; medical comorbidities (total number), and cardiovascular disease-related conditions (CVD). Mixed-effects regression models were used to determine interactive effects between moderators and 3-year primary outcomes.
Results: Treatment effects were comparable for those with and without co-occurring substance use and psychiatric conditions, although possibly less effective in improving physical quality of life in those with CVD-related conditions (Beta=-6.11;p=0.04).
Limitations: Limitations included multiple comparisons and underpowered analyses of moderator effects.
Conclusions: B-CCM effects were comparable in patients with co-occurring conditions, indicating that the intervention may be generally applied. Specific attention to physical quality of life in those with CVD maybe warranted.