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Calcium- and salt-stress signaling in plants: shedding light on SOS pathway.
- Source :
-
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics [Arch Biochem Biophys] 2008 Mar 15; Vol. 471 (2), pp. 146-58. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 Jan 24. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- As salt stress imposes a major environmental threat to agriculture, understanding the basic physiology and genetics of cell under salt stress is crucial for developing any transgenic strategy. Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) genes (SOS1-SOS3) were isolated through positional cloning. Since sos mutants are hypersensitive to salt, their characterization resulted in the discovery of a novel pathway, which has helped in our understanding the mechanism of salt-stress tolerance in plants. Genetic analysis confirmed that SOS1-SOS3 function in a common pathway of salt tolerance. This pathway also emphasizes the significance of Ca2+ signal in reinstating cellular ion homeostasis. SOS3, a Ca2+ sensor, transduces the signal downstream after activating and interacting with SOS2 protein kinase. This SOS3-SOS2 complex activates the Na+/H+ antiporter activity of SOS1 thereby reestablish cellular ion homeostasis. Recently, SOS4 and SOS5 have also been characterized. SOS4 encodes a pyridoxal (PL) kinase that is involved in the biosynthesis of pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP), an active form of vitamin B6. SOS5 has been shown to be a putative cell surface adhesion protein that is required for normal cell expansion. Under salt stress, the normal growth and expansion of a plant cell becomes even more important and SOS5 helps in the maintenance of cell wall integrity and architecture. In this review we focus on the recent advances in salt stress and SOS signaling pathway. A broad coverage of the discovery of SOS mutants, structural aspect of these genes and the latest developments in the field of SOS1-SOS5 has been described.
- Subjects :
- Antiporters genetics
Antiporters metabolism
Arabidopsis physiology
Arabidopsis Proteins genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
Calcium-Binding Proteins metabolism
Cell Membrane metabolism
Cloning, Molecular
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant physiology
Homeostasis
Mutation
Pyridoxal Kinase genetics
Pyridoxal Kinase metabolism
Pyridoxal Phosphate biosynthesis
Vitamin B 6 metabolism
Arabidopsis drug effects
Arabidopsis genetics
Calcium metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant drug effects
Signal Transduction
Sodium Chloride pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1096-0384
- Volume :
- 471
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 18241665
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2008.01.010