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CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, EPHX1 exons 3 and 4, and NAT2 polymorphisms, smoking, consumption of alcohol and fruit and vegetables and risk of head and neck cancer.
- Source :
-
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology [J Cancer Res Clin Oncol] 2008 Jan; Vol. 134 (1), pp. 93-100. Date of Electronic Publication: 2007 Jul 05. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- Purpose: As risk-modifiers of alcohol and tobacco effects, metabolic genes polymorphisms were investigated as susceptibility candidates for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).<br />Methods: A total of 210 cases and 245 hospital controls, age and gender matched, were genotyped for CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, EPHX1 exons 3 and 4, and NAT2 polymorphisms. A measurement of the biological interaction among two risk factors was estimated by the attributable proportion (AP) due to interaction and its 95% confidence interval (CI).<br />Results: SCCHN risk was associated with high-levels of alcohol intake [OR = 3.50 (95%CI: 1.93-6.35) and OR = 6.47 (95%CI: 2.92-14.35) for 19-30 g/day and >30 g/day, respectively], cigarette smoking [OR = 3.47 (95%CI: 1.88-6.41) and OR = 7.65 (95%CI: 4.20-13.90) for 1-25 and >25 pack-years of smoking, respectively] and low-fruit and vegetables consumption (OR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.53-3.92). No differences were observed for the genotypes or haplotypes distributions among cases and controls, and no biological interaction emerged from gene-gene and gene-environment interaction analyses. An attributable proportion (AP) due to biological interaction of 0.65 (95%CI: 0.40-0.90) was detected for heavy drinkers with a low intake of fruit and vegetables, and an AP of 0.40 (95%CI: 0.10-0.72) resulted forever smokers with low fruit and vegetables consumption.<br />Conclusions: Even in presence of high alcohol consumption or cigarette smoking, a high intake of fruit and vegetables might prevent the development of around one quarter of SCCHN cases. The lack of interaction between the studied polymorphisms and the environmental exposures suggests that chronic consumption of tobacco and alcohol overwhelm enzyme defences, irrespective of genotype.
- Subjects :
- Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell epidemiology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell prevention & control
Case-Control Studies
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 genetics
Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 genetics
Epoxide Hydrolases genetics
Exons genetics
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Fruit
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genotype
Glutathione Transferase genetics
Head and Neck Neoplasms epidemiology
Head and Neck Neoplasms prevention & control
Humans
Italy epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Management
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vegetables
Alcohol Drinking
Diet
Enzymes genetics
Head and Neck Neoplasms genetics
Polymorphism, Genetic genetics
Smoking
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1432-1335
- Volume :
- 134
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 17611777
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-007-0254-5