Undetectable serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels and occurrence of ongoing pregnancy.

Objective: To discuss, on the basis of the experience of two clinical cases and extensive literature review, the significance of extremely low levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also known as Müllerian-inhibiting substance, in infertile women.
Design: Case report.
Setting: University-based infertility clinic at a medical center in Switzerland.
Patient(s): Two women, 29 and 41 years of age and with a 2- and 4-year history of secondary infertility, respectively.
Intervention(s): Clinical, radiological, and biological investigation of infertility, including repeated measurements of the serum AMH with serial ELISA assays.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Levels of AMH and development of ongoing pregnancy.
Result(s): Both women had a spontaneous ongoing pregnancy despite undetectable AMH levels.
Conclusion(s): Although it is helpful for day-to-day management of infertile patients, the predictive value of AMH for the occurrence of a spontaneous ongoing pregnancy has limits.