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"Triple cross" of the hypoglossal nerve and its microsurgical impact to entrapment disorders.
- Source :
-
Minimally invasive neurosurgery : MIN [Minim Invasive Neurosurg] 2006 Aug; Vol. 49 (4), pp. 234-7. - Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- Objective: Cadaveric dissections were performed to review the intracranial and extracranial course of the hypoglossal nerve. The neurological significance of a newly defined "triple cross" of the hypoglossal nerve is discussed.<br />Materials and Methods: 10 cadaveric heads (left and right; 20 sides) were dissected using microsurgical techniques.<br />Results: In the cisternal segment of hypoglossal nerve, the diameter of the rostral trunk amounted to 155-680 microm (mean 435 microm), and the caudal trunk to 210-820 microm (mean 482 microm). The roots formed three trunks in 20% of the hypoglossal nerves and two trunks in the rest. As a first cross, the anterior medullary segment of the vertebral artery crossed the hypoglossal nerve roots in 14 of 20 sides (70%). As a rare variation, the vertebral artery extended medial to the nerve (25%) or between its roots (5%). The second cross was found between the descendens hypoglossus and the occipital artery (75%), sternocleidomastoid artery and vein complex (15%) and external carotid artery (10%). The third cross was shown in the submandibular triangle between the lingual hypoglossus and its drainage vein; vena committans nervus hypoglossus.<br />Conclusion: Throughout its way, the hypoglossal nerve passes over vascular structures in three crossing points which may serve as a probable cause of hypoglossal nerve entrapment disorders.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Carotid Artery, External anatomy & histology
Decompression, Surgical methods
Decompression, Surgical standards
Humans
Hypoglossal Nerve surgery
Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases pathology
Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases surgery
Intraoperative Complications etiology
Intraoperative Complications physiopathology
Intraoperative Complications prevention & control
Jugular Veins anatomy & histology
Microsurgery methods
Microsurgery standards
Nerve Compression Syndromes surgery
Neurosurgical Procedures methods
Neurosurgical Procedures standards
Tongue innervation
Vertebral Artery anatomy & histology
Blood Vessels anatomy & histology
Dissection methods
Hypoglossal Nerve anatomy & histology
Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases physiopathology
Nerve Compression Syndromes physiopathology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0946-7211
- Volume :
- 49
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Minimally invasive neurosurgery : MIN
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 17041836
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-948299