Back to Search
Start Over
Effects of high temperatures on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Chamelea gallina.
- Source :
-
Fish & shellfish immunology [Fish Shellfish Immunol] 2007 Jan-Feb; Vol. 22 (1-2), pp. 98-114. Date of Electronic Publication: 2006 Apr 25. - Publication Year :
- 2007
-
Abstract
- The effects of high temperatures on the clam, Chamelea gallina, generally recognised as a low tolerant bivalve species, were studied by evaluating some functional responses of the haemocytes. The animals were kept for 7days at 20, 25 and 30 degrees C and total haemocyte count (THC), phagocytosis, lysozyme activity (in both haemocyte lysate and cell-free haemolymph), activity and expression of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) (in both haemocyte lysate and cell-free haemolymph) were chosen as biomarkers of exposure to high temperatures. The survival-in-air test was also performed. During the experiment, the clams showed differing burrowing behaviour: the animals kept at 20 and 25 degrees C burrowed completely, whereas at 30 degrees C the clams progressively emerged from the sediment and then remained on the surface. The highest temperature significantly increased THC, whereas it decreased the phagocytic activity of haemocytes. The haemocyte size frequency distribution in clams kept at 30 degrees C showed that the cell population of about 8-10microm was markedly reduced compared to clams kept at 20 and 25 degrees C. In clams maintained at 25 degrees C, lysozyme activity was significantly increased in haemocyte lysate, whereas it was markedly decreased in cell-free haemolymph. Total SOD activity significantly decreased in haemocytes from clams held at 30 degrees C whereas it increased in cell-free haemolymph from clams held at 25 degrees C and 30 degrees C. A significant decrease in haemocyte Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD activities was found with increasing temperature. In cell-free haemolymph, the highest Mn-SOD activity was recorded at 30 degrees C, whereas the Cu/Zn-SOD activity showed no significant changes in clams maintained at different temperatures. SOD isoform expression exhibited different patterns in haemocyte lysate and cell-free haemolymph. The resistance to air exposure of clams kept at 30 degrees C was shown to decrease significantly, LT(50) values fell from 6days in clams kept at 20 degrees C and 25 degrees C to 4days in those kept at 30 degrees C.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Antibodies metabolism
Behavior, Animal physiology
Bivalvia physiology
Hemocytes cytology
Hemocytes enzymology
Hemolymph enzymology
Hemolymph physiology
Immunoblotting veterinary
Muramidase analysis
Phagocytosis physiology
Superoxide Dismutase analysis
Time Factors
Bivalvia immunology
Hemocytes physiology
Hot Temperature
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1050-4648
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 1-2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Fish & shellfish immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 16733090
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2006.03.016