5-Fluorouracil concentration in blood, liver and tumor tissues and apoptosis of tumor cells after preoperative oral 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To study the levels of 5-fluorouracail (5-FU) in plasma, liver and tumor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after oral administration of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR).
Methods: Thirty-nine patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with oral 5'-DFUR for more than 4 d before operation. The contents of 5-FU in plasma, liver and tumor were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and apoptosis of tumor cells was evaluated by in-situ TUNEL after resection of tumor.
Results: The concentrations of 5-FU were 1.1 mug/mL, 5.6, 5.9, and 10.5 mug/g in plasma, the liver tissue, the center of tumor and the periphery of tumor, respectively. 5-FU concentration was significantly higher in the periphery of tumor than that in the liver tissue and the center of tumor (10.5+/-1.6 mug/g vs 5.6+/-0.8 mug/g, t = 21.38, P<0.05; 10.5+/-1.6 mug/g vs 5.9+/-0.9 mug/g, t = 20.07, P<0.05). 5-FU level was significantly lower in plasma than that in the liver and the tumor (1.1+/-0.3 mug/mL vs 5.6+/-0.8 mug/g, t = 19.63, P<0.05; 1.1+/-0.3 mug/mL vs 10.5+/-1.6 mug/g, t = 41.01, P<0.05). Apoptosis of tumor cells was significantly increased after oral 5'-DFUR compared to the control group without 5'-DFUR treatment.
Conclusion: There is a higher concentration of 5-FU distributed in the tumor compared with liver tissue and apoptosis of tumor cells is increased following oral 5'-DFUR compared with the control group. The results indicate that 5'-DFUR is hopeful as neo-adjuvant chemotherapy to prevent recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.