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Comparative teratogenicity of chlorpyrifos and malathion on Xenopus laevis development.
- Source :
-
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) [Aquat Toxicol] 2004 Dec 10; Vol. 70 (3), pp. 189-200. - Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- The embryotoxic potential of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and malathion (MTN), two organophosphorus insecticides (OPs), was evaluated by modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX). CPF and MTN were not embryolethal even at the highest concentration tested (6000 microg/l), but both exhibited a powerful teratogenicity. The probit analysis of malformed larva percentages showed a TC(50) of 161.54mug/l for CPF, and a TC(50) of 2394.01 microg/l for MTN. Therefore, CPF teratogenicity was about 15 times higher than MTN. Larvae of both exposed groups were mainly affected by ventral and/or lateral tail flexure coupled with abnormal gut coiling. Histopathological diagnosis displayed abnormal myotomes and myocytes with marked hypertrophies localized at the cell extremity, probably due to a break away of myofibril extremities at the intersomitic junction level. We speculate that this muscular damage was related to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase that showed a clear concentration-response in CPF and MTN exposed larvae. The teratogenic effects of these anti-cholinesterase compounds on Xenopus laevis myogenesis suggest a possible role played by OPs on induction of congenital muscular dystrophy.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0166-445X
- Volume :
- 70
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 15550276
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.09.007