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Characterization of nodavirus and viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in farmed turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.).
Characterization of nodavirus and viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in farmed turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.).
- Source :
-
Journal of fish diseases [J Fish Dis] 2004 Oct; Vol. 27 (10), pp. 591-601. - Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- An outbreak of nodavirus infection in turbot larvae is described with respect to histopathology, immunohistochemistry, cell culture cultivation, RT-PCR amplification and sequence analysis of the capsid protein gene RNA2. Affected turbot developed classical signs of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) with abnormal swimming behaviour and high mortality levels. In the acute stage of infection, light microscopy revealed vacuolation of the central nervous system (CNS), with positive immunohistochemical staining for nodavirus. Later in the infection, CNS lesions appeared more chronic and contained clusters of cells immunopositive for nodavirus. Bacterial overgrowth in the intestines of the fish may have provoked or influenced the course of the nodavirus infection. We were unable to propagate the virus in cell culture. While RT-PCR using primers designed to detect Atlantic halibut nodavirus gave negative results, further testing with primers complementary to a more conserved region of RNA2 resulted in amplification of a product of the expected size. The entire RNA2 segment was cloned and sequenced. Sequence alignment showed that the turbot nodavirus (TNV) was different from previously described fish nodaviruses. In addition, phylogenetic analysis based on an 823 nt region of the sequence indicated that TNV clustered outside the four established fish nodavirus genotypes, suggesting a fifth genotype within the betanodaviruses.
- Subjects :
- Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Aquaculture
Base Sequence
Capsid Proteins genetics
Central Nervous System virology
DNA Primers
Encephalitis, Viral epidemiology
Encephalitis, Viral pathology
Encephalitis, Viral virology
Fish Diseases epidemiology
Flatfishes
Histological Techniques veterinary
Immunohistochemistry veterinary
Likelihood Functions
Models, Genetic
Molecular Sequence Data
Norway epidemiology
Phylogeny
RNA Virus Infections epidemiology
RNA Virus Infections pathology
RNA Virus Infections virology
Retinal Diseases epidemiology
Retinal Diseases pathology
Retinal Diseases virology
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary
Sequence Alignment veterinary
Sequence Analysis, DNA veterinary
Disease Outbreaks veterinary
Encephalitis, Viral veterinary
Fish Diseases pathology
Fish Diseases virology
Nodaviridae
RNA Virus Infections veterinary
Retinal Diseases veterinary
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0140-7775
- Volume :
- 27
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of fish diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 15482424
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00581.x