Back to Search
Start Over
START lipid/sterol-binding domains are amplified in plants and are predominantly associated with homeodomain transcription factors.
- Source :
-
Genome biology [Genome Biol] 2004; Vol. 5 (6), pp. R41. Date of Electronic Publication: 2004 May 27. - Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- Background: In animals, steroid hormones regulate gene expression by binding to nuclear receptors. Plants lack genes for nuclear receptors, yet genetic evidence from Arabidopsis suggests developmental roles for lipids/sterols analogous to those in animals. In contrast to nuclear receptors, the lipid/sterol-binding StAR-related lipid transfer (START) protein domains are conserved, making them candidates for involvement in both animal and plant lipid/sterol signal transduction.<br />Results: We surveyed putative START domains from the genomes of Arabidopsis, rice, animals, protists and bacteria. START domains are more common in plants than in animals and in plants are primarily found within homeodomain (HD) transcription factors. The largest subfamily of HD-START proteins is characterized by an HD amino-terminal to a plant-specific leucine zipper with an internal loop, whereas in a smaller subfamily the HD precedes a classic leucine zipper. The START domains in plant HD-START proteins are not closely related to those of animals, implying collateral evolution to accommodate organism-specific lipids/sterols. Using crystal structures of mammalian START proteins, we show structural conservation of the mammalian phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (PCTP) START domain in plants, consistent with a common role in lipid transport and metabolism. We also describe putative START-domain proteins from bacteria and unicellular protists.<br />Conclusions: The majority of START domains in plants belong to a novel class of putative lipid/sterol-binding transcription factors, the HD-START family, which is conserved across the plant kingdom. HD-START proteins are confined to plants, suggesting a mechanism by which lipid/sterol ligands can directly modulate transcription in plants.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Arabidopsis genetics
Arabidopsis growth & development
Arabidopsis Proteins physiology
Bacterial Proteins genetics
Bacterial Proteins physiology
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins genetics
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins physiology
Cell Differentiation genetics
Cell Differentiation physiology
Drosophila Proteins genetics
Drosophila Proteins physiology
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Amplification physiology
Homeodomain Proteins physiology
Humans
Leucine Zippers genetics
Leucine Zippers physiology
Ligands
Peptides physiology
Phylogeny
Protein Structure, Tertiary genetics
Protein Structure, Tertiary physiology
Protozoan Proteins genetics
Protozoan Proteins metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins genetics
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism
Species Specificity
Transcription Factors physiology
Arabidopsis Proteins genetics
Gene Amplification genetics
Homeodomain Proteins genetics
Lipid Metabolism
Peptides genetics
Sterols metabolism
Transcription Factors genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1474-760X
- Volume :
- 5
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Genome biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 15186492
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2004-5-6-r41