Epidemiology and therapy of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in women.

Out of 1172 females recruited in a screening program for genital infections, 144 (12.28%) were cervical and/or urethral positive for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Patients positive for Ct showed no significant differences in terms of demography, sexual practices and clinical evidence as compared to a control group formed by Ct-negative females randomly selected. Historical data showed a higher frequency of previous pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in patients as compared to controls. 11 of the 94 patients' partners tested were sperm positive for Ct. Of the 63 patients for whom therapeutic data were available, 38 were treated with josamycin, 16 with tetracycline and the others with different drugs. After treatment, EIA for Ct was negative for 92.1% of the patients treated with josamycin and for 68.7% of those treated with tetracycline. The results of this study confirm a high prevalence of asymptomatic Ct infection which may be correctly diagnosed by EIA performed on cervical and urethral samples. They also indicate that negative test results can be obtained by an appropriate antibiotic treatment.