Back to Search
Start Over
Apoptosis of vasopressinergic hypothalamic neurons in chronic diabetes mellitus.
- Source :
-
Neurobiology of disease [Neurobiol Dis] 2004 Mar; Vol. 15 (2), pp. 221-8. - Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- The hyperosmolality associated with diabetes mellitus triggers an increase in neuronal activity and vasopressin production within magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON). In this study, we examined the effect of chronic diabetes on the function and survival of these neurons. After 6 months, but not 6 weeks, of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, we observed an increase in the appearance of small hyperchromatic neurons and a decrease in SON neuronal density. A subpopulation of neurons within the SON at this time point demonstrated positive staining for cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL, two markers of apoptosis. In addition, the number of vasopressin-positive neurons was decreased. Markers for apoptosis did not colocalize with vasopressin immunopositivity; this was probably due to a diabetes-induced degenerative process causing downregulation of vasopressin expression or depletion of neuropeptide. Although the phenotypes of the apoptotic neurons were not identified, other SON neurons including oxytocin-producing neurons are unlikely to be affected by chronic hyperglycemia. Microglial hypertrophy and condensation were also observed in the 6-month diabetic SON. Although upregulation of vasopressin production in response to acute hyperosmolality is adaptive, prolonged overstimulation of vasopressin-producing neurons in chronic diabetes results in neurodegeneration and apoptosis.
- Subjects :
- Animals
Basigin
Caspase 3
Caspases metabolism
Chronic Disease
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental metabolism
Disease Models, Animal
Down-Regulation physiology
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein metabolism
Gliosis pathology
Gliosis physiopathology
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
Male
Membrane Glycoproteins metabolism
Microglia pathology
Neurons metabolism
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Supraoptic Nucleus metabolism
Water-Electrolyte Balance physiology
Antigens, CD
Antigens, Neoplasm
Antigens, Surface
Apoptosis physiology
Avian Proteins
Blood Proteins
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental pathology
Nerve Degeneration pathology
Neurons pathology
Supraoptic Nucleus pathology
Vasopressins metabolism
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0969-9961
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Neurobiology of disease
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 15006692
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2003.10.009