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Tissue-wide expression profiling using cDNA subtraction and microarrays to identify tumor-specific genes.
- Source :
-
Cancer research [Cancer Res] 2004 Feb 01; Vol. 64 (3), pp. 844-56. - Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- With the objective of discovering novel putative intervention sites for anticancer therapy, we compared transcriptional profiles of breast cancer, lung squamous cell cancer (LSCC), lung adenocarcinoma (LAC), and renal cell cancer (RCC). Each of these tumor types still needs improvement in medical treatment. Our intention was to search for genes not only highly expressed in the majority of patient samples but which also exhibit very low or even absence of expression in a comprehensive panel of 16 critical (vital) normal tissues. To achieve this goal, we combined two powerful technologies, PCR-based cDNA subtraction and cDNA microarrays. Seven subtractive libraries consisting of approximately 9250 clones were established and enriched for tumor-specific transcripts. These clones, together with approximately 1750 additional tumor-relevant genes, were used for cDNA microarray preparation. Hybridizations were performed using a pool of 16 critical normal tissues as a reference in all experiments. In total, we analyzed 20 samples of breast cancer, 11 of LSCC, 11 of LAC, and 8 of RCC. To select for genes with low or even no expression in normal tissues, expression profiles of 22 different normal tissues were additionally analyzed. Importantly, this tissue-wide expression profiling allowed us to eliminate genes, which exhibit also high expression in normal tissues. Similarly, expression signatures of genes, which are derived from infiltrating cells of the immune system, were eliminated as well. Cluster analysis resulted in the identification of 527 expressed sequence tags specifically up-regulated in these tumors. Gene-wise hierarchical clustering of these clones clearly separated the different tumor types with RCC exhibiting the most homogeneous and LAC the most diverse expression profile. In addition to already known tumor-associated genes, the majority of identified genes have not yet been brought into context with tumorigenesis such as genes involved in bone matrix mineralization (OSN, OPN, and OSF-2) in lung, breast, and kidney cancer or genes controlling Ca(2+) homeostasis (RCN1,CALCA, S100 protein family). EGLN3, which recently has been shown to be involved in regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor, was found to be highly up-regulated in all RCCs and in half of the LSCCs analyzed. Furthermore, 42 genes, the expression level of which correlated with the overall survival of breast cancer patients, were identified. The gene dendogram clearly separates two groups of genes, those up-regulated such as cyclin B1, TGF-beta 3, B-Myb, Erg2, VCAM-1, and CD44 and those down-regulated such as MIG-6, Esp15, and CAK in patients with short survival time.
- Subjects :
- Adenocarcinoma metabolism
Adenocarcinoma pathology
Breast Neoplasms metabolism
Breast Neoplasms pathology
Carcinoma, Renal Cell metabolism
Carcinoma, Renal Cell pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell metabolism
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology
Cluster Analysis
Gene Expression Profiling
Humans
Kidney Neoplasms metabolism
Kidney Neoplasms pathology
Lung Neoplasms metabolism
Lung Neoplasms pathology
Neoplasm Staging
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
RNA, Neoplasm genetics
RNA, Neoplasm isolation & purification
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Survival Rate
Adenocarcinoma genetics
Breast Neoplasms genetics
Carcinoma, Renal Cell genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell genetics
Kidney Neoplasms genetics
Lung Neoplasms genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0008-5472
- Volume :
- 64
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cancer research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 14871811
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-2361