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Dietary carotenoids and risk of lung cancer in a pooled analysis of seven cohort studies.

Authors :
Männistö S
Smith-Warner SA
Spiegelman D
Albanes D
Anderson K
van den Brandt PA
Cerhan JR
Colditz G
Feskanich D
Freudenheim JL
Giovannucci E
Goldbohm RA
Graham S
Miller AB
Rohan TE
Virtamo J
Willett WC
Hunter DJ
Source :
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology [Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev] 2004 Jan; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 40-8.
Publication Year :
2004

Abstract

Intervention trials with supplemental beta-carotene have observed either no effect or a harmful effect on lung cancer risk. Because food composition databases for specific carotenoids have only become available recently, epidemiological evidence relating usual dietary levels of these carotenoids with lung cancer risk is limited. We analyzed the association between lung cancer risk and intakes of specific carotenoids using the primary data from seven cohort studies in North America and Europe. Carotenoid intakes were estimated from dietary questionnaires administered at baseline in each study. We calculated study-specific multivariate relative risks (RRs) and combined these using a random-effects model. The multivariate models included smoking history and other potential risk factors. During follow-up of up to 7-16 years across studies, 3,155 incident lung cancer cases were diagnosed among 399,765 participants. beta-Carotene intake was not associated with lung cancer risk (pooled multivariate RR = 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.11; highest versus lowest quintile). The RRs for alpha-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene were also close to unity. beta-Cryptoxanthin intake was inversely associated with lung cancer risk (RR = 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.86; highest versus lowest quintile). These results did not change after adjustment for intakes of vitamin C (with or without supplements), folate (with or without supplements), and other carotenoids and multivitamin use. The associations generally were similar among never, past, or current smokers and by histological type. Although smoking is the strongest risk factor for lung cancer, greater intake of foods high in beta-cryptoxanthin, such as citrus fruit, may modestly lower the risk.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1055-9965
Volume :
13
Issue :
1
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
14744731
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-038-3