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Dopamine mediation of positive reinforcing effects of amphetamine in stimulant naïve healthy volunteers: results from a large cohort.
- Source :
-
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology [Eur Neuropsychopharmacol] 2003 Dec; Vol. 13 (6), pp. 459-68. - Publication Year :
- 2003
-
Abstract
- A positive experience during a first encounter with a drug of abuse is predictive of subsequent use and might represent a vulnerability factor to develop addiction. This paper presents a meta-analysis of data acquired in 60 healthy volunteers who underwent a low-dose amphetamine challenge (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) during imaging of dopamine D2 receptor availability with SPECT and the D2/D3 radiotracer [123I]IBZM. Amphetamine-stimulated DA release induced a small, significant and highly variable decrease in striatal D2 receptor availability (-8.3 +/- 6.7%). The magnitude of the decrease in D2 receptor availability was significantly associated with the positive reinforcing effects of the drug reported by the subject (r2 = 0.14, p = 0.003). Age was associated with decreased potency of dopamine to elicit positive reinforcing effects. This study indicates that both a large dopaminergic response and young age during a first encounter with a drug of abuse potential contribute to higher positive reinforcing effects.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Age Factors
Analysis of Variance
Benzamides pharmacokinetics
Carbon Isotopes pharmacokinetics
Cohort Studies
Emotions
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Pyrrolidines pharmacokinetics
Receptors, Dopamine D2 drug effects
Time Factors
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon methods
Amphetamine pharmacology
Central Nervous System Stimulants pharmacology
Dopamine metabolism
Receptors, Dopamine D2 metabolism
Reinforcement, Psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0924-977X
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 14636962
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2003.08.007