Fatal lactic acidosis and mimicking Guillain-Barré syndrome in an adolescent with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

We report a case of antiretroviral therapy-related fatal lactic acidosis occurring in a vertically infected HIV-positive 17-year-old patient. While receiving antiretroviral therapy with stavudine, didanosine, tenofovir and amprenavir, the patient developed severe acidosis and rapid neuromuscular and respiratory failure mimicking Guillain-Barré syndrome.