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Effect of ketoprofen, lidocaine local anesthesia, and combined xylazine and lidocaine caudal epidural anesthesia during castration of beef cattle on stress responses, immunity, growth, and behavior.
- Source :
-
Journal of animal science [J Anim Sci] 2003 May; Vol. 81 (5), pp. 1281-93. - Publication Year :
- 2003
-
Abstract
- To determine the effects of burdizzo castration alone or in combination with ketoprofen (K), local anesthesia (LA), or caudal epidural anesthesia (EPI) on plasma cortisol, acute-phase proteins, interferon-gamma production, growth, and behavior of beef cattle, 50 Holstein x Friesian bulls (13 mo old, 307 +/- 5.3 kg) were assigned to (n = 10/treatment): 1) control (handled; C); 2) burdizzo castration (B); 3) B following K (3 mg/ kg of BW i.v.; BK); 4) B following LA (8 mL into each testis and 3 mL s.c. along the line where the jaws of the burdizzo were applied with 2% lidocaine HCl; BLA); and 5) B following EPI (0.05 mg/kg of BW of xylazine HCl and 0.4 mg/kg of BW of lidocaine HCl as caudal epidural; BEPI). The area under the cortisol curve against time was lower (P < 0.05) in BK than in B, BLA, or BEPI animals. On d 1 after treatment, plasma haptoglobin concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in B, BLA, and BEPI than in BK animals. On d 3, haptoglobin and plasma fibrinogen concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in all castration groups than in C. On d 7, haptoglobin and fibrinogen concentrations remained higher (P < 0.05) in BLA than in B and C animals. On d 1, concanavalin A-induced interferon-gamma production was lower (P < 0.05) in B, BLA, and BEPI than in C, but there was no difference between BK and C animals. From d -1 to 35, ADG was lower (P < 0.05) in B, BLA, and BEPI animals, but not in BK compared with C animals. Overall, there was a higher (P < 0.05) incidence of combined abnormal postures in B than in C, BK and BEPI animals. Although the use of K and EPI decreased (P < 0.05) these postures compared with B alone or B with LA, there was no difference between the K and EPI treatment. In conclusion, burdizzo castration increased plasma cortisol and acute-phase proteins, and suppressed immune function and growth rates. Local anesthesia prolonged the increase in acute-phase proteins. Ketoprofen was more effective than LA or EPI in decreasing cortisol and partially reversed the reduction in ADG following castration. The use of K or EPI was more effective than LA in decreasing pain-associated behavioral responses observed during the first 6 h after treatment. Systemic analgesia with ketoprofen, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug, was more effective in reducing inflammatory responses associated with castration than LA or EPI.
- Subjects :
- Acute-Phase Proteins analysis
Acute-Phase Proteins metabolism
Acute-Phase Reaction immunology
Acute-Phase Reaction prevention & control
Acute-Phase Reaction veterinary
Anesthesia, Caudal veterinary
Anesthesia, Local veterinary
Animals
Behavior, Animal drug effects
Cattle growth & development
Cattle immunology
Cattle surgery
Hydrocortisone blood
Interferon-gamma biosynthesis
Male
Random Allocation
Stress, Physiological prevention & control
Stress, Physiological veterinary
Anesthetics, Local pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacology
Cattle physiology
Ketoprofen pharmacology
Lidocaine pharmacology
Orchiectomy veterinary
Xylazine pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0021-8812
- Volume :
- 81
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of animal science
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 12772856
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2527/2003.8151281x