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Molecular epidemiology of human T-lymphotropic virus type II infection in Amerindian and urban populations of the Amazon region of Brazil.
- Source :
-
Human biology [Hum Biol] 2002 Oct; Vol. 74 (5), pp. 633-44. - Publication Year :
- 2002
-
Abstract
- Molecular characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus II (HTLV-II) isolates in North America and Europe has shown the existence of two principal subtypes of the virus, HTLV-IIa and HTLV-IIb. Subsequent studies on HTLV-II isolates from Brazil have suggested the existence of a unique variant phylogenetically related to HTLV-IIa but phenotypically similar to HTLV-IIb with respect to the transactivatory protein, Tax. This variant has been designated HTLV-IIc. To better clarify the variability and distribution of HTLV-II in Brazil, the viruses present in two population groups from the Amazon region were tested for the presence of HTLV-II using serological and molecular assays. The groups consisted of blood donors from three Amerindian communities and of HIV-1/HTLV-II coinfected patients residing in Belém, an urban area. Nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of HTLV-IIc subtype among Amerindian populations and, for the first time, the presence of the same virus among urban groups in Belém. The isolated occurrence of the HTLV-IIc subtype among Amerindian populations in the Amazon region could be attributed to (1) the different migratory pathways and founder effect, or (2) the local origin of a proto-HTLV-II carried by Amerindian ancestors who migrated to the Amazon circa 11,000 to 13,000 years ago. These results suggest that not only is HTLV-IIc unique to this region, but that its presence in urban areas of Brazil has resulted from admixture processes during the colonization of the country.
- Subjects :
- Base Sequence genetics
Blood Donors statistics & numerical data
Brazil epidemiology
Colonialism
Emigration and Immigration statistics & numerical data
Endemic Diseases statistics & numerical data
Evolution, Molecular
Founder Effect
HIV Infections complications
HIV Infections epidemiology
HIV Infections virology
HTLV-II Infections complications
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 classification
Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 classification
Humans
Phenotype
Phylogeny
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Population Surveillance
HTLV-II Infections epidemiology
HTLV-II Infections virology
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 genetics
Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 genetics
Indians, South American statistics & numerical data
Molecular Epidemiology
Urban Population statistics & numerical data
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0018-7143
- Volume :
- 74
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Human biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 12495078
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1353/hub.2002.0059