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Managing nicotine addiction.
- Source :
-
Journal of dental education [J Dent Educ] 2002 Sep; Vol. 66 (9), pp. 1061-73. - Publication Year :
- 2002
-
Abstract
- Nicotine addiction has been identified as the primary contributor to continued widespread tobacco use worldwide. Although the health benefits of smoking cessation are well publicized, few smokers successfully quit on a long-term basis. A number of pharmacological agents have been shown to approximately double long-term smoking cessation rates and have, therefore, been recommended as first-line therapy for the treatment of nicotine dependence in the clinical practice guidelines recently released by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). These include the currently available dosage forms of nicotine replacement therapy (gum, patch, nasal spray, and inhaler) and bupropion. Other agents that have exhibited some efficacy in increasing smoking cessation rates are nortriptyline and clonidine. All pharmacological treatments are most effective in conjunction with behavioral therapy. Other approaches to treating tobacco use disorder now being investigated include additional ways to administer nicotine, a vaccine to prevent nicotine from crossing the blood-brain barrier, and agents that alter the metabolism of nicotine. This review summarizes the characteristics of nicotine addiction, reviews the pharmacological agents currently used to treat tobacco use disorder, and describes possible approaches to treat nicotine dependence in the future.
- Subjects :
- Administration, Inhalation
Adolescent
Adult
Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic therapeutic use
Bupropion therapeutic use
Chewing Gum
Clonidine therapeutic use
Drug Combinations
Female
Humans
Logistic Models
Nortriptyline therapeutic use
Pregnancy
Sympatholytics therapeutic use
United States
United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Women's Health
Nicotine administration & dosage
Nicotinic Agonists administration & dosage
Smoking drug therapy
Tobacco Use Cessation methods
Tobacco Use Disorder drug therapy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0022-0337
- Volume :
- 66
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of dental education
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 12374267