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Identification of a novel, multifunctional beta-defensin (human beta-defensin 3) with specific antimicrobial activity. Its interaction with plasma membranes of Xenopus oocytes and the induction of macrophage chemoattraction.
- Source :
-
Cell and tissue research [Cell Tissue Res] 2001 Nov; Vol. 306 (2), pp. 257-64. - Publication Year :
- 2001
-
Abstract
- Previous studies have shown the implication of beta-defensins in host defense of the human body. The human beta-defensins 1 and 2 (hBD-1, hBD-2) have been isolated by biochemical methods. Here we report the identification of a third human beta-defensin, called human beta-defensin 3 (hBD-3; cDNA sequence, Genbank accession no. AF295370), based on bioinformatics and functional genomic analysis. Expression of hBD-3 is detected throughout epithelia of many organs and in non-epithelial tissues. In contrast to hBD-2, which is upregulated by microorganisms or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), hBD-3 expression is increased particularly after stimulation by interferon-gamma. Synthetic hBD-3 exhibits a strong antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and fungi, including Burkholderia cepacia. In addition, hBD-3 activates monocytes and elicits ion channel activity in biomembranes, specifically in oocytes of Xenopus laevis. This paper also shows that screening of genomic sequences is a valuable tool with which to identify novel regulatory peptides. Human beta-defensins represent a family of antimicrobial peptides differentially expressed in most tissues, regulated by specific mechanisms, and exerting physiological functions not only related to direct host defense.
- Subjects :
- Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry
Anti-Bacterial Agents metabolism
Burkholderia cepacia drug effects
Cell Line
Epithelial Cells physiology
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Ion Channels metabolism
Molecular Sequence Data
Monocytes drug effects
Monocytes metabolism
Oocytes
Patch-Clamp Techniques
Sequence Alignment
Xenopus laevis
beta-Defensins chemistry
beta-Defensins genetics
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
Cell Membrane metabolism
Chemotaxis physiology
Macrophages physiology
beta-Defensins metabolism
beta-Defensins pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0302-766X
- Volume :
- 306
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Cell and tissue research
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 11702237
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s004410100433