Prominent ECG repolarization changes associated with intracoronary infusion of normal saline: comparisons with alternate coronary catheter flush solutions.

Normal saline (NS) is commonly used as a coronary catheter flush solution. We tested the hypothesis that intracoronary (i.c.) infusions of lactated Ringer's solution (LR) and LR with 5% dextrose (D5LR), both of which contain potassium and calcium, would be associated with less prominent surface ECG changes compared with i.c. infusions of NS. In 34 patients, 10 mL each of NS, LR, and D5LR at 37 degrees C were infused over 5 sec into the left main coronary artery. A 12-lead ECG was recorded before, continuously during, and after each infusion. Blinded ECG analysis revealed T-wave amplitude changes > 0.2 mV in 94%, 12%, and 3% of patients with the use of i.c. NS, D5LR, and LR, respectively (P < 0.0001, NS vs. D5LR or LR). QT prolongation > 40 msec occurred in 88%, 15%, and 18% of patients with i.c. NS, D5LR, and LR, respectively (P < 0.0001, NS vs. D5LR or LR). QT dispersion was increased by > 40 msec in 26% of patients during i.c. NS infusion compared to only 3% of patients with i.c. LR and D5LR infusions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, i.c. NS infusion is associated with more marked repolarization changes as compared with i.c. LR and D5LR infusions. Since such changes may lower arrhythmogenesis thresholds, the routine use of LR as a coronary catheter flush solution should be considered. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 48:359-364, 1999.
(Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)