Surfactant lavage for the management of severe meconium aspiration syndrome.

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. Recent studies on the pathophysiology of MAS showed that the meconium is more potent and toxic than we had previously appreciated. On the basis of animal experiences and a clinical pilot study, we propose that early tracheobronchial lavage with diluted surfactant is an effective and safe method for treatment of severe MAS.