A hybrid decision-making approach to measure effectiveness of safety management system implementations on-board ships.

Highlights: [•] The research has both methodological and practical values in ship safety management system implementation on-board. The proposed approach encourages the further safety researches especially towards enhancing shipboard safety conditions. Recalling the methodological evaluation in safety management system effectiveness, the followings can be highlighted. [•] (i) The proposed model can utilise both quantitative/qualitative data in safety analysis. [•] (ii) It supports the required solutions to ISM Code (2010) amendments. [•] (iii) The model can be adopted into SMS documentation. [•] (iv) The research encourages the safety practitioners and maritime executives to establish model base system in ship operations and management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]