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Effects of a healthy Nordic diet on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (SYSDIET).
- Source :
-
European Journal of Nutrition . Jun2014, Vol. 53 Issue 4, p1123-1134. 12p. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Purpose: At northern latitudes, vitamin D is not synthesized endogenously during winter, causing low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of a healthy Nordic diet based on Nordic nutrition recommendations (NNR) on plasma 25(OH)D and explored its dietary predictors. Methods: In a Nordic multi-centre trial, subjects ( n = 213) with metabolic syndrome were randomized to a control or a healthy Nordic diet favouring fish (≥300 g/week, including ≥200 g/week fatty fish), whole-grain products, berries, fruits, vegetables, rapeseed oil and low-fat dairy products. Plasma 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone were analysed before and after 18- to 24-week intervention. Results: At baseline, 45 % had vitamin D inadequacy (<50 nmol/l), whereas 8 % had deficiency (<25 nmol/l). Dietary vitamin D intake was increased by the healthy Nordic diet ( P < 0.001). The healthy Nordic and the control diet reduced the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy by 42 % ( P < 0.001) and 19 % ( P = 0.002), respectively, without between-group difference ( P = 0.142). Compared with control, plasma 25(OH)D ( P = 0.208) and parathyroid hormone ( P = 0.207) were not altered by the healthy Nordic diet. Predictors for 25(OH)D were intake of vitamin D, eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), vitamin D supplement, plasma EPA and plasma DHA. Nevertheless, only vitamin D intake and season predicted the 25(OH)D changes. Conclusion: Consuming a healthy Nordic diet based on NNR increased vitamin D intake but not plasma 25(OH)D concentration. The reason why fish consumption did not improve vitamin D status might be that many fish are farmed and might contain little vitamin D or that frying fish may result in vitamin D extraction. Additional ways to improve vitamin D status in Nordic countries may be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *VITAMIN D deficiency
*CHI-squared test
*CLINICAL trials
*DIET
*DIETARY supplements
*FISHER exact test
*FISHES
*FORECASTING
*HEALTH behavior
*MEDICAL cooperation
*PARATHYROID hormone
*REGRESSION analysis
*RESEARCH
*RESEARCH funding
*STATISTICAL sampling
*STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
*STATISTICS
*T-test (Statistics)
*U-statistics
*VITAMIN D
*DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid
*EICOSAPENTAENOIC acid
*DATA analysis
*MULTIPLE regression analysis
*METABOLIC syndrome
*BODY mass index
*LIFESTYLES
*RANDOMIZED controlled trials
*PRE-tests & post-tests
*DATA analysis software
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*NUTRITIONAL status
*DIAGNOSIS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14366207
- Volume :
- 53
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 96201824
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0674-3