Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr increases hepatitis C virus RNA replication in cell culture.

Highlights: [•] HIV-1 Vpr has effect on HCV infection during HIV/HCV coinfection. [•] HIV-1 Vpr increases the infection of HCV full-length genome, including HCV wild type and reporter viruses. [•] HIV-1 Vpr increases the replication of HCV subgenomic replicon. [•] HIV-1 Vpr does not affect HCV entry and translation. [•] HIV-1 Vpr increases HCV RNA replication. [•] HIV-1 Vpr can partially overcome the anti-HCV effect of IFN. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]