Dispersal and hoarding of sympatric forest seeds by rodents in a temperate forest from northern China.

Different species of forest trees exhibit great diversity in seed features, and diverse tactics of seed handling and dispersal are adopted by rodents. To better understand the discriminatory handling of sympatric seeds by rodents, seeds of four plant species, Quercus variabilis, Prunus armeniaca, P. davidiana, and P. persica, were released and tracked in a temperate forest in Yugong area of Jiyuan, Henan, north China. Results showed that: (1) seed removal rates of acorn (Q. variabilis), wild apricot (P. armeniaca) and wild peach (P. davidiana) differed significantly, while almost all (99%) peach seeds (P. persica) remained in situ; (2) acorns (55%) were eaten more than wild apricot (4%) and wild peach (0%), whereas seeds of wild apricot (62%) were scattered-hoarded more than wild peach (13%) and acorns (36%); hull thickness exerted a nonlinear influence on eating and scatter-hoarding; (3) rodents transported wild peach seeds farther (3.81 m ± 2.44 SE) than wild apricot seeds (3.41 m ± 2.05) and acorns (2.49 m ± 2.37); (4) rodents buried multiple wild apricot seeds in some caches, but seeds of wild peach and acorn were stored singly. Results indicated that, for sympatric seeds, rodents would adopt discriminatory processing and storing strategies in eating, burying, dispersal and cache size. Seeds with medium hull thickness were more likely to be dispersed and to survive, and consequently have higher probability of future germination and seedling establishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]