Refusal of oral polio vaccine in northwestern Pakistan: A qualitative and quantitative study.

Highlights: [•] We investigate refusal of oral polio vaccine (OPV) in northwestern Pakistan. [•] The refusal reflected facts related with OPV and their local interpretations. [•] Proportion of mothers unwilling to give OPV to their children was less than 6%. [•] Refusal of other injectable vaccines was almost equally prevalent. [•] The polio eradication needs to reflect local value system in the studied area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]