Smoking association with influenza infection in renal transplant recipients.

We identified 22 cases of influenza infection among renal transplant recipients and matched them with 66 controls by influenza season to explore risk factors for influenza infection. Active cigarette smoking was associated with influenza infection in this population (adjusted odds ratio 13.1; 95% confidence interval 2.3-76; P = 0.004). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]