Enhanced performance of silicon solar cells by application of low-cost sol–gel-derived Al-rich ZnO film.

Highlights: [•] An analysis was made for some parameters of PERC and standard solar cells. [•] The diffusion length value was enhanced to ∼571μm from ∼218μm. [•] Improvement in J sc and V oc values of PERC solar cell was ∼2.94 and ∼2.61% respectively. [•] The effective back surface recombination velocity of PERC solar cell was ∼67cm/s. [•] The enhancement in relative conversion efficiency was ∼4.73%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]