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Chemical composition of PM1 and PM2.5 at a suburban site in southern Italy.
- Source :
-
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry . Feb2014, Vol. 94 Issue 2, p127-150. 24p. - Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- Organic (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), inorganic ions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Na+, NH4+, K+, Ca2+), methanesulfonate (MSA−) and metals (Al, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ba, V) were monitored in PM1 and PM2.5 samples collected at a suburban site in south-eastern Italy, to contribute to the characterisation of fine particles in the Central Mediterranean. Mean mass concentrations are 13 µg/m3and 22 µg/m3in PM1 and PM2.5, respectively. OC, EC, SO42−, NH4+, NO3−, K+and Ca2+are predominant components and account for 54% and 56% of the PM1 and PM2.5 mass, respectively. OC, EC, SO42−, NH4+, K+and Ca2+concentrations lie in the range of the corresponding ones measured in PM1 and PM2.5 samples collected at suburban/urban Mediterranean sites. NO3−and trace element concentrations lie in the range of the corresponding ones measured in PM1 and PM2.5 samples collected at remote/background Mediterranean sites. The biogenic nss-SO42−accounts for ~5% and 4% of nss-SO42−in PM1 and PM2.5, respectively. The seasonal trend of the components partitioning and the interspecies correlation analysis in PM1 and PM2.5-1 indicated that the PM1 and PM2.5-1 components depend on season and are likely not controlled by similar sources, and/or similar generation processes, and/or similar transport patterns. The sulfur and nitrogen oxidation ratios were calculated to contribute to the understanding of the seasonal dependence of nitrate and sulfate concentrations in PM1 and PM2.5-1. The mass closure analysis showed that organic matter (OM), EC, and nitrate mass percentages are larger in autumn–winter. NH4+, nss-SO42−, and crustal matter mass percentages are larger in spring–summer. Finally, the ratio of the crustal matter in PM1 to that in PM2.5-1, which is 0.2 and 0.3 in spring–summer and autumn–winter, respectively, and the higher (OM+EC) contribution in PM1 than in PM2.5-1 led to the conclusion that PM1 would be a better indicator for fine-anthropogenic particles than PM2.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03067319
- Volume :
- 94
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 93797942
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2013.791978