LES of the adverse-pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer.

Highlights: [•] The adverse-pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer at high Re is studied. [•] Wall-model LES works well for nonequilibrium turbulent boundary layer. [•] Relationship of skin-friction to Re and Clauser pressure parameter is explored. [•] Self-similarity is observed in the velocity statistics over a wide range of Re. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]