Buckling of a growing tissue and the emergence of two-dimensional patterns.

Highlights: [•] We model the growth of gut epithelial cells cultured upon a deformable substrate. [•] Growth generates buckling instabilities, contributing to crypt formation in vivo. [•] Variations in mechanical properties have little effect on resulting configurations. [•] Configurations are controlled by growth patterns & interactions with strata below. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]