Murder and mayhem in the miocene.

Discusses the wide variety of predators which are fond of sea urchins. Consideration of the specialized characteristics that the sea urchin possesses; Threat posed to urchins by snails; Trends in sea urchin evolution; Focus on three species of extinct heart urchins in the genus Lovenia, which lived during the Miocene; Development of characteristics such as tube feet, sticky mucus, and defensive spines by certain urchins; Why cassid snails prey on urchins.