A novel steady-state approach for the analysis of gas-burner supplemented direct expansion solar assisted heat pumps.

Highlights: [•] A fluid-less description of an inverse thermodynamic cycle is provided. [•] On this ground, a steady state model for solar assisted heat pumps is derived. [•] The model results able to describe the averaged behavior of the considered system. [•] The proposed approach appears suitable in view of design and regulation purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]