Portrait prints and codes of identity in the Renaissance: Hendrik Goltzius, Justus Lipsius, and Michel de Montaigne.

Points out that in the development of protrait prints in sixteenth-century northern art in Europe, there is a quest to establish the means for invoking identity. Iconicity, collectivity and communal authorship; Gradual and suitably self-conscious evolution; Resultant artistic genre that appears so self-justified and transparent that it is taken for granted.